空气污染暴露对不良妊娠结果的影响:一个时间序列研究
Chenxin Wang1, Qian Tang1,2, Wei Xiao1
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
International journal of environmental health research
|March 25, 2025
概括
怀孕期间暴露于PM10和SO2空气污染物显著增加了分别低出生体重和早产的风险. 这些发现凸显了空气质量对妊娠不良结果的关键影响.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 生殖流行病学 生殖流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 大气污染物越来越被认为是全球健康问题.
- 不良的妊娠结果,包括低出生体重 (LBW) 和早产 (PTB),对婴儿健康构成重大风险.
- 了解各种空气污染物对怀孕的具体影响对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在中国合肥,调查六种主要空气污染物 (PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,CO,O3) 与不良妊娠结果 (LBW,PTB) 之间的联系.
- 评估空气污染物对LBW和PTB风险的非线性暴露-反应关系和滞后影响.
- 提供关于空气污染对怀孕结果的影响的有力的证据.
主要方法:
- 使用分布式滞后非线性模型 (DLNM) 和通用增量模型 (GAM).
- 分析了2016年至2020年间44,727名活产儿的数据.
- 进行分层和敏感性分析,以确保研究结果的可靠性.
主要成果:
- 滞后0-11周的PM10暴露与LBW风险增加显著相关 (RR: 1.100,95% CI: 1.017,1.189).
- 滞后0-5周的SO2暴露与PTB风险有很强的联系 (RR: 1.559,95% CI: 1.024,2.374).
- 对NO2和O3的暴露也导致怀孕不良后果的风险更高.
结论:
- 空气污染,特别是PM10和SO2,是导致LBW和PTB等不良妊娠结果的重要危险因素.
- 调查结果强调需要改善空气质量管理,以保护母亲和儿童的健康.
- 这项研究为在空气污染水平高的地区制定有针对性的公共卫生战略提供了关键数据.
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