在美国获得的食源性疾病-主要病原体,2019年
Emerging infectious diseases
|March 25, 2025
概括
2019年,七种主要的食物传染病原体在美国造成了近1000万例疾病. 沙门氏菌感染导致死亡人数最多,突显了有效的食品安全干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 食物传播疾病流行病学
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
- 传染病建模传染病模型
背景情况:
- 准确估计食源性疾病负担对于公共卫生资源的分配和干预优先考虑至关重要.
- 以前的估计可能无法完全解释食物传播疾病的报告不足和诊断不足.
- 了解导致大多数疾病,住院和死亡的特定病原体对于有针对性的食品安全工作至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计2019年美国7种主要的食源性病原体引起的疾病,住院和死亡人数.
- 根据监测数据和其他相关来源,调整报告不足和诊断不足的估计.
- 确定导致食物传播疾病总体负担的主要病原体.
主要方法:
- 利用监测数据和其他来源来估计食源性疾病,住院和死亡.
- 应用统计调整,以考虑到报告不足和诊断不足.
- 专注于七种主要的食源性病原体:Campylobacter spp.,Clostridium perfringens,侵入性Listeria monocytogenes,诺病毒,非类型型型的沙门氏菌血清型,产生Shiga毒素的Escherichia coli和Toxoplasma gondii.
主要成果:
- 在2019年,估计有990万 (90%CRI5.9-15.4万) 国内获得的食物传播疾病是由六种病原体 (不包括T. gondii) 引起的.
- 这些病原体和T. gondii一起导致了53300人 (90%CRI35,700-74,500人) 住院治疗和931人 (90%CRI530-1,460人) 死亡.
- 诺罗病毒引起的疾病最多 (约为550万),而沙门氏菌感染是导致死亡的主要原因 (n = 238).
结论:
- 食物传播疾病的估计为公共卫生政策提供了关键数据.
- 这些估计可以指导制定和实施有针对性的食品安全干预措施.
- 减少食源性疾病的负担需要持续的监测和数据驱动的战略.
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