儿童时期的自闭症特征和年轻人的创伤后应激障碍:一个队列研究
Alice M G Quinton1, Freya Rumball1,2, Angelica Ronald3
1Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
概括
在童年时具有较高自闭症特征的儿童经历了更多的创伤,并且在18岁时更容易患上创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 和一般精神病理. 这些儿童需要针对性评估和治疗PTSD.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 对自闭症青年的创伤相关精神病理学的研究是有限的,尽管自闭症成年人的比率更高.
- 儿童创伤和创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 在自闭症成年人中更为普遍.
- 这项研究探讨了儿童自闭症特征与后来的创伤,PTSD和年轻人的精神病理之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查高童年自闭症特征是否预测终身创伤暴露,PTSD,一般精神病理和18岁时的功能障碍.
- 在一般人群和受创伤影响的年轻人的子样本中调查这些关联.
- 了解儿童时期自闭症特征的个体对创伤相关结果的倾向.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自环境风险 (E-风险) 纵向双胞胎研究 (N=1,504) 的数据.
- 在8,9,或12岁时使用童年自闭症谱测试 (CAST) 评估自闭症特征.
- 分析了儿童自闭症特征与18岁结局 (创伤,PTSD,精神病理,NEET状态) 之间的关联,控制性别,SES,智商和家庭聚类.
主要成果:
- 更高的儿童自闭症特征与增加终身创伤暴露,PTSD诊断,一般精神病理学和18岁时的NEET状态有关.
- 自闭症特征与创伤后应激障碍,自闭症特征与一般精神病理之间的关联在控制混因素后仍然显著.
- 在遭受创伤的年轻人中,自闭症特征预测了PTSD和精神病理学,而PTSD关联是强大的,以混调整.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,需要针对高自闭症特征儿童的PTSD进行量身定制的评估和基于证据的治疗.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定这些发现是否适用于临床诊断的自闭症儿童.
- 早期识别自闭症特征可能有助于预防严重的创伤相关结果.
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