1995年至2019年中国省级碳排放不平等的研究,基于改进的吉尼指数
Fei He1, Jinkui Ning2, Xinyi Qiu1
1Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
Scientific reports
|March 26, 2025
概括
中国中国中国中国.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 能源政策 能源政策
背景情况:
- 中国的目标是到2030年实现碳峰值,到2060年实现碳中和.
- 经济发展和碳排放 (CEs) 的省级差异需要公平的减排政策.
- 区域经济发展与有效的碳减排战略息息相关.
研究的目的:
- 为了计算30个中国省份的能源消费产生的碳排放量 (CEs).
- 通过Dagum分解基尼指数,对行业 (初级,二级,三级) 和地区 (中部,东部,西部) 之间的CE不平等进行定量评估.
- 分析过去25年CE和CE不平等的趋势.
主要方法:
- 从使用能源平衡表和能源平衡因子的能源消耗数据计算CE.
- 应用Dagum分解基尼指数来衡量CE不平等.
- 区域和行业分析CE趋势和不平等.
主要成果:
- 在过去25年中,中国的CE从3.17亿增加到13.32亿 (年增长6.17%).
- 总体而言,中国的CE不平等程度下降了3.96%.
- 东部省份的CE不平等率下降幅度最大 (57.65%),其次是中部和西部地区. 二级产业CE的不平等在所有地区扩大,而三级产业的不平等仍然较低.
结论:
- 尽管CE总体增长,但中国在减少CE不平等方面取得了进展,特别是在东部地区.
- 二级产业仍然是解决CE不平等问题的关键焦点.
- 定制,公平的碳减排政策对于平衡区域经济发展与国家气候目标至关重要.
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