不同献血群体中输血传染性感染的患病率:比较分析
Sanjay K Thakur1,2, Anil K Sinha2, Santosh K Sharma3
1Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical College, North Delhi 110007, Delhi, India.
World journal of virology
|March 26, 2025
概括
输血传染性感染 (TTIs) 如HBV,HCV和HIV是献血中的一个问题. 室内捐献者比营地捐献者有更高的TTI患病率,这凸显了定制血液安全措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学科学 医学科学 医学科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 输血传染性感染 (TTIs) 对全球健康构成重大风险,包括B型肝炎病毒 (HBV),C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 和人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV).
- 印度对TTI的强制性查对于血液安全至关重要,因为这些感染及其共同感染的高死亡率.
研究的目的:
- 确定输血传染性感染 (TTIs) 的流行率,包括HBV,HCV,HIV I/II,梅毒和疟疾寄生虫 (MP).
- 为了比较不同献血群体的TTI患病率:总献血者,内部献血者和各种营地献血者类别 (总,机构,社区).
主要方法:
- 一项涉及印度德里42,158名献血者的横截面研究.
- 使用ELISA进行HIV,HBV和HCV的血清检测;通过快速血试剂进行梅毒检测;使用快速卡方法检测疟疾寄生虫.
- 使用统计分析,包括千平方测试,来比较捐赠组之间的感染率.
主要成果:
- 在42,158名捐赠者中,TTI的总体患病率为2.071%,具体率为HBV (1.048%),HCV (0.425%),HIV (0.221%),梅毒 (0.377%),MP (0.0024%).
- 内部捐赠者呈现TTI患病率最高 (2.167%),而机构营地捐赠者患病率最低 (0.921%).
- 在捐赠群体之间观察到TTI患病率的显著差异,内部和总捐赠者显示的比营地捐赠者更高的比率.
结论:
- 持续监测和强有力的查协议对于减轻献血中TTIs至关重要.
- 实施特定于供体的安全措施和调查社会经济因素对于提高整体血液安全至关重要.
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