将道德原则纳入人工智能驱动的医疗软件的监管中
Filzah Faheem1, Mahdi Haq1, Mohamed Derhab2
1Neurology, NeuroCare.AI, Dallas, USA.
Cureus
|March 26, 2025
概括
医疗设备中的人工智能 (AI) 提供了显著的好处,但由于道德问题,其采用速度很慢. 建议建立一个整合医疗伦理的结构化监管框架,以建立信任并促进医疗保健中的AI.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 在美国和欧盟观察到基于人工智能 (AI) 的软件作为医疗设备 (SaMD) 的显着增长.
- 人工智能SaMD的临床采用受到伦理考虑的阻碍,尽管它们具有早期干预和改善患者结果的潜力.
- 现有的监管框架缺乏对AI SaMD批准的统一,结构化的方法,重点是技术与伦理方面的不同.
研究的目的:
- 检查管理基于人工智能的医疗设备的伦理原则.
- 在医学伦理学背景下分析当前的监管准则.
- 为人工智能安全管理提出建议,为人工智能安全管理制定全面的监管框架.
主要方法:
- 审查医学伦理原则 (自主,公益,正义).
- 对基于人工智能的软件作为医疗器械的现有监管准则的分析.
- 伦理原则和监管要求的综合.
主要成果:
- AI SaMD提出了与患者自主,慈善和公平的医疗保健分配有关的伦理挑战.
- 当前监管机构的原则虽然相似,但缺乏标准化,结构化的审批流程.
- 国际医疗器械监管机构论坛的SaMD工作组已经概述了必要的控制措施,但缺乏全面的方法.
结论:
- 目前没有一个普遍接受的AI SaMD批准框架.
- 将医疗伦理原则纳入全面的监管框架对于人工智能采用至关重要.
- 专注于质量管理,风险评估和数据隐私可以促进对AI医疗保健解决方案的信任.
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