中国的物来源细菌的抗菌耐药性,2000-2020年
1Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
|March 26, 2025
概括
在中国,物细菌的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 正在增加,对常见抗生素的耐药性率令人担忧. 新的中国物抗菌素耐药性监测网络 (CARPet) 对于监测和打击这种日益增长的威胁至关重要.
科学领域:
- 兽医微生物学 兽医微生物学
- 抗微生物药物耐药性的监测和监测
- 动物传播疾病流行病学
背景情况:
- 中国勃发展的物行业与伴侣动物细菌感染的增加有关.
- 在2021年之前,关于物相关细菌的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 的数据有限.
- 监测物中的AMR对于有效治疗和预防潜在的动物传播至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2000年至2020年间在中国从物中获得的关键细菌病原体中AMR的趋势.
- 确定特定的抗微生物剂和引起关注的抗药性机制.
- 强调建立国家物抗菌耐药性监测网络的重要性.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2020年进行的38个点流行调查的系统审查和分析.
- 专注于常见的物衍生的细菌,包括*Escherichia coli*,*Klebsiella pneumoniae*,*Staphylococcus* spp.和*Enterococcus* spp.
- 对关键类抗微生物药物的耐药性模式的评估,包括β-乳酸,诺基诺和卡巴.
主要成果:
- 在中国物中,在主要细菌病原体中观察到越来越多的AMR趋势.
- 在大肠杆菌中对安比西林和西普罗夫洛克萨的高耐药率 (> 50%),具有显著的扩展光谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 生产 (41.3%).
- 耐卡巴胺的 *K. pneumoniae* 和 *E. coli* (携带 *bla*NDM, *bla*OXA) 的出现, *Staphylococcus pseudintermedius* (>40% SCC*mec*) 的高梅西林耐药率,以及在 *E. faecalis* (2.1%) 中显著的菌素耐药性.
结论:
- 显著且日益增长的抗菌素耐药性对中国物种群构成威胁.
- 对广泛使用的抗微生物药物的耐药性和多药耐药菌株的出现需要紧急关注.
- 建立中国物抗菌素耐药性监测网络 (CARPet) 对于持续的监测和明智的兽医实践至关重要.
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