大学学生的交叉性和心理健康:一种危险指数方法
Juliana Dias de Lima1, Jessica Plácido1, Beatriz Andrade1
1Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Psiquiatria. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Revista de saude publica
|March 26, 2025
概括
社会差异显著增加了大学生严重焦虑和抑郁症状的风险. 这项研究强调了交叉的社会因素如何导致高等教育中不平等的心理健康结果.
科学领域:
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 高等教育研究 高等教育研究
背景情况:
- 心理健康症状是全球大学生日益关注的问题.
- 社会差异,包括种族,性别和社会经济地位,是已知的健康的社会决定因素.
- 这些社会因素的交叉性可能会对学生的心理健康产生不成比例的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查巴西大学生人口当前的心理健康症状与社会差异之间的联系.
- 根据社会劣势综合指数量化严重焦虑和抑郁症状的风险.
主要方法:
- 在巴西的9所公立大学中,对748名大学生进行了一项横截面的在线调查.
- 通过使用性别,种族/肤色,性别认同,性取向和收入等变量来评估社会差异,形成一个"Jeopardy指数".
- 心理健康症状使用DSM-5第1级交叉切割症状测量,患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9),以及通用焦虑障碍问卷-7 (GAD-7) 进行测量.
主要成果:
- 在整个学生样本中观察到高频率的焦虑 (42.5%) 和抑郁 (51.0%).
- 在最不利的群体中的学生 (Jeopardy指数得分为5) 与最优势的群体相比,严重焦虑 (OR=6.21) 和抑郁 (OR=8.60) 的几率明显更高.
- "危险指数"有效地根据交叉的社会劣势将学生分为六个集群.
结论:
- 虽然焦虑和抑郁症状很普遍,但它们的严重程度在大学生中分布不均.
- 社会因素的交叉性对心理健康结果的差异有很大影响.
- 针对社会决定因素的有针对性的干预措施对于减轻高等教育中的心理健康不平等至关重要.
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