增强空间能力评估:将问题解决策略集成到对象组装任务中,使用多模式联合层次认知诊断建模
Jujia Li1, Kaiwen Man1, Joni M Lakin1
1Department of Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology and Counseling, College of Education, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Journal of Intelligence
|March 26, 2025
概括
反射扫描仪的特点是更快的处理和更少的固定,在空间推理任务中表现出更好的表现. 训练伪造技能显著提高了空间能力,为个性化的教育提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
背景情况:
- 研究解决问题的策略与空间推理表现之间的联系对于理解认知过程至关重要.
- 对象组合 (OA) 任务是空间推理能力的常见衡量标准.
- 现有的模型经常单独分析空间能力和解决问题的策略.
研究的目的:
- 提出和验证一种新的多模组联合层次认知诊断模型 (MJ-DINA),用于对空间推理和问题解决策略的综合评估.
- 根据OA任务中的响应时间和眼睛跟踪数据,识别不同的解决问题策略组.
- 确定这些策略对年轻学生空间推理表现的影响.
主要方法:
- 应用了MJ-DINA模型,整合了确定性输入,噪音"和"门 (DINA) 模型用于空间能力,逻辑正常响应时间 (RT) 模型,以及贝叶斯负二项式 (BNF) 模型用于固定计数.
- 估计有五个空间认知属性:编码,伪造,心理旋转,心理位移和难以识别的识别.
- 分析了年轻学生 (6-14岁) 在17个OA项目上的数据,使用Gelman-Rubin统计和后预测p值来评估模型匹配.
主要成果:
- MJ-DINA模型证明了足够的合适性,表明可靠的参数估计.
- 确定了四个问题解决策略组,其中"反射扫描"组 (更快的处理,更少的固定) 显示出优异的性能.
- 足够的眼球运动被确定为更好的空间推理的关键因素,训练伪造技能被证明是提高表现的最有效方法.
结论:
- MJ-DINA模型提供了一个强大的框架,可以同时评估空间能力和解决问题的策略.
- 解决问题的策略,特别是那些以高效处理和专注注意力为特征的策略,显著影响空间任务性能.
- 研究结果支持开发定制的教育干预措施,以基于个体问题解决方法来增强空间能力.
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