解码中的性别和准确性影响线索:一个元分析
Judith A Hall1, Sarah D Gunnery2, Katja Schlegel3,4
1Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Journal of Intelligence
|March 26, 2025
概括
女孩和妇女在情感识别方面始终表现出比男孩和男人的更高的准确性. 在理解影响线索方面,这种小但强大的性别差异在除了健康状况之外的各种因素中被观察到.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 一个多世纪以来,人们一直在研究情感识别中的性别差异.
- 以前的评论表明,女性在解码影响脸部,身体和声音的线索方面通常优于男性.
- 这项研究提供了一个更新的元分析,包含了更大的数据集和更广泛的范围.
研究的目的:
- 更新对情绪识别准确度的性别差异的理解.
- 调查这种性别差异在各种主持人的一致性.
- 确定可能影响或消除观察到的性别差距的因素.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的元分析,从1011项研究中合成了1188个效果大小.
- 总样本大小包括837,637名参与者.
- 审查的主管包括样本的健康状况,国际位置,提示方式和其他测试特征.
主要成果:
- 一个小但统计学上显著的性别差异在情感识别方面有利于女性被证实 (r = 0.12,d = 0.24).
- 这种差异在众多主持人中是高度一致的,只有微小的变化.
- 出版偏见的证据是最小的.
- 只有样本健康状况成为调节者,没有观察到显著的性别差异.
结论:
- 这些发现证实了在情感识别方面存在着持续的,尽管很小的性别差异,女性表现出更高的准确性.
- 这种效应在各种条件中的一致性强调了它的稳定性.
- 健康状况是可以减轻或消除性别差异影响提示理解的关键因素.
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