类似于非正规的细胞酶的海建立了哺乳动物受精的方法
Naokazu Inoue1, Takako Saito2, Ikuo Wada1
1Department of Cell Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
Cell reports
|March 26, 2025
概括
受精过程涉及一种新型的精子吞过程 (SEAL),其中卵细胞微型子吞精子. 这一过程对于雌同体融合至关重要,由特定的蛋白质相互作用和膜动力学来调节.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 精子必须克服生理上的挑战,才能到达并受精卵细胞.
- 准确的分子机制,规范性质组的识别和融合仍然在很大程度上未被阐明.
研究的目的:
- 调查受精过程中伴生体识别和融合的机制.
- 确定关键的分子因素和参与精子-卵子相互作用和融合的细胞过程.
主要方法:
- 使用先进显微镜观测雌同体相互作用.
- 使用遗传和细胞测试,分析蛋白质参与性质组融合的情况.
- 在非卵细胞细胞模型中对融合过程的概述.
主要成果:
- 卵细胞微形成类似于拉美利波的结构,并通过活性聚合来吞精子,这一过程被称为"由IZUMO1-JUNO链接和伴生体融合相关因子激活的精子吞" (SEAL).
- 交配体粘附是由精子IZUMO1与卵细胞JUNO结合的媒介.
- 海主要是由精子因子DCST1/2,SPACA6,TMEM95,FIMP和TMEM81驱动的,在吞过程中观察到JUNO耗尽.
- 在JUNO表达K562细胞中成功复制了SEAL的形成.
结论:
- 受精过程涉及一个动态的,类似于细胞形成的过程 (SEAL),以吞精子.
- 特定的蛋白质相互作用 (IZUMO1-JUNO) 和精子因子对于伴生体融合至关重要.
- 动态膜重组对于SEAL和成功受精至关重要.
相关概念视频
Fertilization
70.6K
During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
70.6K
Phagocytosis
5.8K
Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells,...
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells,...
5.8K
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles
3.0K
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
3.0K
Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane
9.9K
Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
9.9K
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells
3.2K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes.
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
3.2K
SNAREs and Membrane Fusion
9.7K
Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
SNAREs exist in pairs that symmetrically interact and catalyze the fusion of the lipid bilayers in vesicle and target organelle. v-SNARE in the vesicle membrane are single polypeptide chains that bind to a complementary t-SNARE, composed of 2...
SNAREs exist in pairs that symmetrically interact and catalyze the fusion of the lipid bilayers in vesicle and target organelle. v-SNARE in the vesicle membrane are single polypeptide chains that bind to a complementary t-SNARE, composed of 2...
9.7K


