在学龄前儿童的24小时运动行为和认知能力:一个组成和同位时间再分配分析分析
Zhihan Xu1,2, Shiqiang Wang1,2, Zitong Ma3
1College of Physical Education, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.
PloS one
|March 26, 2025
概括
了解学龄前儿童的认知发展需要检查日常运动行为. 用中等到强烈的体力活动取代久坐时间和轻度活动,可以显著提高认知能力,包括智商系数.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 以前的研究将运动行为与学龄前儿童的认知联系起来,但通常会孤立地检查它们.
- 在24小时周期内,身体活动,久坐行为和睡眠的动态相互作用对于理解认知发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究24小时运动行为组成与学龄前儿童认知能力之间的关系.
- 为了确定不同运动行为之间重新分配时间如何影响认知结果.
主要方法:
- 191名中国学龄前儿童 (3-6岁) 的轻度体力活动 (LPA),中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA) 和久坐行为 (SB) 通过加速度计测量.
- 家长和教师报告评估了睡眠时间.
- 认知能力使用中国韦克斯勒幼儿智力尺度 (C-WYCSI) 进行评估.
- 使用了组合分析和同位时间替代模型.
主要成果:
- 在控制人口统计数据后,24小时运动行为组成与口头 (VIQ),表现 (PIQ) 和完全 (FIQ) 智力系数显著相关.
- 用中度至强度的体力活动取代轻度的体力活动,久坐不动的行为或睡眠导致了更大的认知收益.
- 增加的MVPA和LPA与更高的PIQ和FIQ有关,而增加的睡眠与较低的VIQ,PIQ和FIQ有关.
结论:
- 日常运动行为组成显著影响学龄前儿童的认知能力.
- 优先考虑适度至剧烈的体力活动,而不是久坐,轻度活动或睡眠,对认知发展有益.
- 将时间从静坐行为和轻度活动转移到MVPA显示出增强儿童认知功能的前景.
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