老年人中跌倒风险分层:低和不处于风险状态仍然与跌倒和受伤相关
Manuel Montero-Odasso1,2,3, Frederico Pieruccini-Faria1,3, Surim Son2,3
1Western University, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada.
Age and ageing
|March 26, 2025
概括
即使是被选为没有跌倒风险的老年人,也可能遭受伤害. 评估步行速度对于识别那些需要防摔策略以避免伤害性跌倒的人至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 目前的跌倒指南为被认为"不处于危险状态"的老年人提供了有限的建议.
- 缺乏前性研究,评估"非危险"人群中跌倒和受伤率.
- 需要证据来为所有老年人预防跌倒提供基于证据的建议.
研究的目的:
- 预期确定"不处危险"的社区老年人中跌倒和跌倒相关伤害的发生率.
- 为了比较"不处于危险状态"和"处于危险状态"的老年人群之间的跌倒和受伤率.
- 为了确定特定的因素,如步行速度,与"非危险"人群的伤害性跌倒有关.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项前性队列研究,涉及65岁及以上的社区老年人.
- 布风险分层调整了CDC的阻止老年人事故,死亡和伤害 (STEADI) 算法.
- 使用发病率比率和危险比率来分析风险层,步行速度和跌倒/伤害跌倒之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 被选为"没有风险"的老年人有41.3%的跌倒率,其中63.2%的跌倒导致受伤.
- 虽然"处于危险状态"的个人更频繁地跌倒,但"不处于危险状态"和"处于危险状态"的群体之间的伤害性跌倒率相似.
- 步行速度慢 (<1米/秒) 的非危险人群的伤害性跌倒率是正常步行速度的两倍.
结论:
- 查作为"不处于危险状态"的跌倒并不能消除受伤的风险.
- 对步行速度的普遍评估可以识别易受落相关伤害的"非危险"个体.
- 步行速度评估可以为老年成人人口中更广泛的部分指导初级防摔策略.
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