在SARS-CoV-2大流行期间婴儿期呼吸道病毒的变化:一项前性队列研究
Ruth Steinberg1,2, Simone Troxler1, Léa Ho Dac1
1Division of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
BMJ open respiratory research
|March 26, 2025
概括
在大流行期间,婴儿没有显著地传播SARS-CoV-2. 持久无症状的人类犀牛病毒 (HRV) 可能维持人口免疫力,突出需要纵向社区数据来追踪病毒传播.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 呼吸道病毒感染对婴儿构成重大风险.
- 在SARS-CoV-2大流行期间,非药物干预 (NPI) 在全球范围内改变了呼吸道病毒流行病学.
- 了解婴儿的门诊呼吸道病毒循环是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 在瑞士的SARS-CoV-2大流行之前和期间,对健康婴儿的呼吸道病毒患病率进行纵向评估.
- 评估NPI对婴儿呼吸道病毒流行病学的影响.
- 为了确定婴儿对SARS-CoV-2传播的贡献.
主要方法:
- 对34名婴儿进行的前性观察性出生队列研究.
- 每两周一次,用多重复合PCR检测9种呼吸道病毒.
- 每周采访,收集有关症状,家庭COVID-19感染和儿童保育状况的数据.
主要成果:
- 大多数常见的呼吸道病毒在严格的NPI期间减少,放松后反弹.
- 在NPIs期间,人类犀牛病毒 (HRV) 持续存在,通常是无症状的.
- SARS-CoV-2的检测率很低 (2.4%在第二次大流行中),主要发生在NPI放松后;在婴儿中没有报告严重的COVID-19病例.
结论:
- 婴儿并不是SARS-CoV-2传播的主要贡献者.
- 持续无症状的HRV可能在维持人口免疫力方面发挥作用.
- 对无症状病毒的纵向,基于社区的评估对于了解传播动态至关重要.
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