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不同剂量的咖啡因对耐力运动在热场中的表现的影响
Weiliang Wu1,2,3, Xifeng Tao3,4, Huiyu Dong3
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Performance and Skill Assessment, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 27, 2025
概括
咖啡因有效地对抗热量对耐力运动表现的负面影响. 3 mg/kg和6 mg/kg的剂量可以改善运动时间,呼吸功能和有氧能力,而较高剂量显示出优异的疲劳减缓.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
背景情况:
- 热应激显著损害了耐力运动的表现.
- 咖啡因是一种被广泛认可的人体工程学辅助剂,但其在炎热条件下的有效性需要进一步研究.
- 了解咖啡因在热应激下的生理影响对于运动性能优化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究两种咖啡因剂量 (3 mg/kg BW和6 mg/kg BW) 在炎热环境下对耐力运动表现的影响.
- 评估咖啡因对心肺功能和在高温运动期间主观疲劳的影响.
- 为了比较不同剂量的咖啡因与在热应力下安慰剂的人体效应.
主要方法:
- 17名参与者在正常和热环境中完成了四项随机双盲试验.
- 干预包括安慰剂,3毫克/千克BW咖啡因和6毫克/千克BW咖啡因.
- 测量包括耐力运动时间,心肺呼吸参数 (VE,VO2峰值) 和在增量自行车测试期间感知疲劳.
主要成果:
- 高温降低了安慰剂和3毫克/公斤BW咖啡因的性能,但不是6毫克/公斤BW咖啡因.
- 与安慰剂相比,两种咖啡因剂量都增加了运动持续时间.
- 咖啡因增强了肺透气 (VEpeak) 和有氧能力 (VO2peak),每公斤6毫克的BW剂量显著减少了主观疲劳.
结论:
- 摄入咖啡因 (3和6毫克/体重) 有效地减轻了耐力运动期间与热应激相关的性能下降.
- 咖啡因改善呼吸功能和有氧能力,有助于在炎热条件下的表现.
- 咖啡因的6毫克/公斤BW剂量似乎是运动员在炎热的情况下炼的强有力的人体育辅助剂,在减轻疲劳方面提供了卓越的好处.
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