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美国流感动态中的流行病学转变:从最近的流行病挑战的见解
Marta Giovanetti1,2,3, Sobur Ali4, Svetoslav Nanev Slavov5
1Department of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Roma, Italy.
Microorganisms
|March 27, 2025
概括
流感活动已恢复到大流行前的水平,每年在美国造成数百万例感染和数千例死亡. 这项研究分析了流感趋势和与SARS-CoV-2的共同循环,强调需要加强公共卫生战略.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由于非药物干预,COVID-19大流行显著改变了呼吸道病原体的循环,包括流感.
- 流行后的流感复苏凸显了当前的公共卫生挑战和病毒的持续威胁.
- 在2023-2024年美国流感季节,估计有4000万病例,47万住院者和28000人死亡,对老人和儿童产生重大影响.
研究的目的:
- 检查从2018-2019年到2023-2024年的美国流感趋势 (发病率,疫苗接种,死亡率).
- 在大流行期间评估流感和SARS-CoV-2之间的相互作用.
- 强调需要持续的疫苗接种和创新的公共卫生战略.
主要方法:
- 分析美国流感发病率,疫苗接种率和死亡率数据.
- 检查跨越多个流感季节 (2018-2019年至2023-2024年) 的流行病学数据.
- 评估流行病相关因素 (旅行,公共卫生措施,病毒动态) 对流感和SARS-CoV-2联合流通的影响.
主要成果:
- 流感活动已恢复到大流行前的水平,造成了严重的公共卫生负担.
- 老年人群的死亡率不成比例地高.
- 报告了显著的儿科死亡率,强调了跨年龄组的脆弱性.
结论:
- 持续的流感疫苗接种活动对于减轻疾病影响至关重要.
- 需要创新的公共卫生战略来应对流感和SARS-CoV-2的双重负担.
- 加强预防和监测系统对于流行病的准备和控制呼吸道病原体至关重要.
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