自闭症谱系障碍儿童的口腔卫生状况
Magdalena Prynda1, Agnieszka Anna Pawlik2, Ewa Emich-Widera3
1Orthodontic Specialist, M-Dent Center for Esthetic Dentistry and Implantology, 34a/7 Sienkiewicza St., 50-335 Wrocław, Poland.
Journal of clinical medicine
|March 27, 2025
概括
与神经典型儿童相比,患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童口腔卫生状况较差,牙腐烂率较高. 这凸显了需要专门的牙科护理和量身定制的干预措施,以改善ASD人口的口腔健康.
科学领域:
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 发育障碍 发育障碍 发育障碍 发育障碍
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童在保持口腔卫生方面遇到重大挑战.
- 感官敏感性,行为问题以及有限的专业牙科护理机会,导致ASD患者口腔健康不佳.
- 现有的研究表明,了解ASD儿童的特定口腔卫生状况和需求存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较ASD儿童与神经类型儿童的口腔卫生状况和空患病率.
- 识别口腔卫生实践的差异,例如刷牙的频率和牙医访问的出席率.
- 评估ASD儿童预防性牙科治疗的使用情况.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及74名自闭症儿童和74名神经类型对照的横截面研究.
- 使用口腔卫生指数 (OHI) 和硫出血指数 (SBI) 评估口腔卫生.
- 用DMFT/dmft指数测量脏病的患病率;还记录了刷牙的频率和去看牙医.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有自闭症儿童的口腔卫生状况明显较差,病发病率较高 (DMFT/dmft得分).
- 患有自闭症的男孩表现出更高的DMFT分数,表明脏病的经历增加.
- 自闭症儿童报告说,他们更少刷牙,更少去看牙医,并未充分利用预防性护理.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的儿童面临着实质性的口腔健康差异,包括不充分的卫生和高病率.
- 对于患有自闭症儿童来说,开发和实施量身定制的口腔健康干预措施和专门的牙科护理策略至关重要.
- 加强家长教育和可访问的专业牙科服务对于改善这一群体口腔健康结果至关重要.
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