在消化系统疾病的诊断中微RNAs:全面的审查
Mirela Livia Popa1, Cristian Ichim1, Paula Anderco1
1Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania.
Journal of clinical medicine
|March 27, 2025
概括
微RNAs (miRNAs) 是消化系统疾病 (如IBD和癌症) 的关键调节者. 虽然有望用于诊断和治疗,但在交付,准和动态表达方面的挑战阻碍了临床使用.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 微RNAs (miRNAs) 在转录后调节基因表达.
- miRNAs与消化系统病理有关,例如炎症性肠病,结直肠癌和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病.
- 像miR-31,miR-155,miR-21,miR-598,miR-494,miR-192和miR-122这样的特定miRNA与这些疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查微RNAs在消化系统病理中的作用.
- 突出miRNAs的诊断和治疗潜力.
- 讨论阻碍miRNAs在胃肠病学中的临床应用的挑战.
主要方法:
- 在消化系统疾病中研究微RNA的文献综述.
- 分析miRNA在炎症性肠病,结直肠癌和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病中的作用.
- 对基于miRNA的生物标志物和治疗方法的当前研究进行了审查.
主要成果:
- 在消化系统疾病中,miRNAs显示出作为生物标志物和治疗点的巨大潜力.
- miRNA的表达是动态的,并且在不同患者和疾病背景下有很大的变化.
- 作为瘤基因和瘤抑制剂的miRNAs的双重作用使治疗策略复杂化.
- 挑战包括非目标效应,免疫反应和miRNA疗法的低效输送方法.
- 微RNA和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用增加了疾病机制和治疗的复杂性.
结论:
- 微RNA为诊断和管理消化系统疾病提供了新的途径.
- 进一步的研究对于克服现有挑战和优化miRNAs临床应用至关重要.
- 改进基于miRNA的诊断和治疗需要解决特异性,传递和生物复杂性的问题.
相关概念视频
MicroRNAs
21.1K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
21.1K
What is Monogastric Digestion?
56.5K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
56.5K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
1.1K
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
1.1K
Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test
1.2K
Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
1.2K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
35
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
35


