病毒在废水环境中的发生及其与mpox发生病例的相关性:系统性审查和元分析研究
Cornelius A Omatola1,2, Ropo E Ogunsakin3, Ademola O Olaniran4
1Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
Viruses
|March 27, 2025
概括
基于废水的监测 (WBS) 可以在污水中检测出麻疹病毒 (MPXV),总检测率为22%. 这种方法与mopox发病率有很强的相关性,这表明它可以作为疫情早期预警工具.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,废水基础监测 (WBS) 的价值在传染病监测中得到了突出突出.
- 猿病毒 (MPXV) 在便中散布,即使在临床前的情况下,也使WBS成为mpox监测的潜在工具.
- 临床病例报告可能不完整,需要补充的监测策略.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对废水中MPXV检测的流行情况进行元分析.
- 评估WBS作为监控mpox的工具的有效性.
- 确定影响废水中MPXV检测率的因素.
主要方法:
- 使用来自六个数据库的数据进行了系统审查和元分析.
- 采用随机效应模型来计算MPXV检测的聚合流行率.
- 根据地理区域和年份进行了子组分析,敏感性分析排除了高风险研究.
主要成果:
- 废水中的MPXV阳性总体比率为22% (95%CI: 14-30%),北美 (26%) 的比率高于欧洲和亚洲 (22%).
- 检测率在2022年 (22%) 与2023年 (19%) 相比较高,并且使用实时PCR (24%) 与数字滴滴PCR (17%) 相比显着更高.
- 病毒度的离心法比其他方法的检测率更高 (21%),MPXV检测与mopox发病率有很强的相关性 (R = 0.78-0.94).
结论:
- 基于废水的监测是检测MPXV的可行策略.
- WBS可以作为mopox爆发的有效早期预警系统,补充临床监测.
- 这些发现支持将WBS纳入传染病管理的公共卫生战略.
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