在发展中国家的COVID-19大流行期间,移动行为中的社会经济差异
Lorenzo Lucchini1,2,3,4, Ollin D Langle-Chimal3,5,6, Lorenzo Candeago3
1Centre for Social Dynamics and Public Policy, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy.
概括
在COVID-19期间,弱势群体显示出流动性反应减少. 手机数据显示,在自我隔离和通勤行为方面存在社会经济差异,这种差异在整个大流行期间仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,人类的流动性受到严重影响.
- 之前的研究集中在高收入国家的区域总量上,掩盖了弱势群体的经历.
- 了解疫情应对中的社会经济差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查人类流动性和对COVID-19流行病的行为反应的社会经济差异.
- 分析疫情相关政策对中等收入国家的不同社会经济群体的影响.
- 探索移动电话数据在识别弱势群体和为目标政策提供信息方面的实用性.
主要方法:
- 利用6个中等收入国家的手机地理位置数据和人口普查数据 (2020年3月至12月).
- 分析了移动模式,包括自我隔离,搬迁和跨社会经济群体的通勤行为.
- 来自低财富和高财富社区的用户之间的比较行为反应.
主要成果:
- 来自贫困社区的用户表现出较低的自我隔离率,农村搬迁率和通勤停止率.
- 在整个观察期内,行为反应的社会经济差异持续存在.
- 从低财富社区到高财富社区的通勤者面临着由于经济活动减少和公共交通中断而增加的经济压力.
结论:
- 移动电话数据分析可以揭示疫情应对中的社会经济差异,即使个人级别数据无法获得.
- 基于GPS数据的基于地点的政策可以有效地针对和支持最脆弱的人群.
- 研究结果强调了在流行病期间公共卫生政策中需要考虑社会经济因素的必要性.
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