自闭症成年人报告的初级医疗保健遭遇的障碍和促进因素:一种定性研究
Leah I Stein Duker1, Willa Giffin1, Elinor E Taylor1
1Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Frontiers in medicine
|March 27, 2025
概括
自闭症成年人在获得初级保健方面面临重大障碍,包括寻找提供者,沟通和环境因素等问题. 定制护理和提高提供者知识是提高他们的医疗保健体验的关键.
科学领域:
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
- 医疗保健可访问性研究研究
- 初级医疗保健医学 一级医疗保健医学
背景情况:
- 初级保健对于管理健康,预防和协调至关重要,特别是对于自闭症患者来说,自闭症患者经常有并发症.
- 自闭症成年人遇到基本护理的重大障碍,只有有限的第一手帐户可用.
- 了解这些挑战对于改善医疗保健公平至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述自闭症成年人在初级保健中遇到的障碍和促进者.
- 从自闭症患者直接收集有关其医疗保健经验的定性数据.
- 为自闭症人口提供更好的初级保健策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从34名自闭症成年人的字面面试成绩单进行定性主题分析.
- 在洛杉矶和费城进行了采访,平均时间为26分钟.
- 这是一项涉及自闭症成年人,照顾者和初级保健提供者的更大研究的一部分.
主要成果:
- 出现了五个主要主题:寻找提供者,物理环境,沟通,自闭症专用知识和在接触期间的支持.
- 沟通和缺乏自闭症特定知识是重要的障碍,与神经多样性模型保持一致.
- 耻辱和沟通挑战被强调为医疗保健环境中的关键问题.
结论:
- 结果提供了对自闭症成年人初级保健体验的细微观点,确定了特定的障碍和促进者.
- 实用,低成本的策略可以提高护理的可访问性和质量.
- 量身定制住宿和认识到患者的不同偏好对于自闭症患者的有效初级护理至关重要.
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