关于阿尔茨海默氏病神经精神病症状的最新情况和未来观点
Myuri Ruthirakuhan1, Dylan X Guan2, Moyra Mortby3
1Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
概括
神经精神症状 (NPS) 显著影响阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 患者和护理人员,加速疾病的进展. 目前的治疗方法有限,这凸显了未来对AD相关NPS的研究和改进干预措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 神经精神症状 (NPS) 在阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 中很普遍,对患者和护理人员造成重大痛苦.
- 这些症状加剧功能衰退,降低生活质量,增加医疗负担.
研究的目的:
- 从2022-2023年对阿尔茨海默病相关的NPS研究的最新进展进行审查和综合.
- 确定关键的研究领域,并为未来的研究提供路线图,以改善结果.
主要方法:
- 来自阿尔茨海默病协会国际促进阿尔茨海默病研究和治疗协会 (AAIC) 关键研究的综合NPS-PIA年内评论.
- 关注六个关键领域:多样性/差异性,诊断框架,神经生物学,疾病标志物,COVID-19影响和干预措施.
主要成果:
- 与AD相关的NPS的研究兴趣急剧增加,在六个关键领域取得了重大发现.
- 目前用于NPS的精神药物治疗显示出有限的疗效和潜在的安全问题.
结论:
- 需要改进诊断框架,了解NPS神经生物学以及有效的干预措施.
- 未来的研究应该解决多样性,差异以及COVID-19等因素的影响,以提高研究的有效性和适用于AD患者的适用性.
相关概念视频
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
399
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
399
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
137
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
137
Parkinson's Disease: Overview
399
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
399
Drug Therapy
32
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
32
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
101
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
101
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
86
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
86


