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Updated: May 20, 2025

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS
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在没有光催化剂的情况下利用光:在没有光催化剂的C-N键形成方面取得了进展

V Murugesh1, Surya Prakash Singh1,2

  • 1Department of Polymers & Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India. spsingh@iict.res.in.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)
|March 27, 2025
PubMed
概括

研究人员在没有传统光催化剂的情况下探索光驱动的C-N键形成. 本文重点介绍了用于高效化学合成的创新,可持续的合成策略.

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Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
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Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalysis

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Cyanohydrins are compounds that contain –CN and –OH groups on the same carbon atom. They are formed by the nucleophilic addition of the cyanide ions to the carbonyl group. Cyanide ions are highly basic and nucleophilic and can be generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. However, since HCN is a weak acid, the number of cyanide ions generated is very small. Hence, a small amount of base or KCN/NaCN is added to HCN to increase the concentration of the cyanide ions in the reaction...
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