移民在发病率和死亡率方面的优势之间的悖论:动态模式和暂时的解释
1Department of Sociology, Institute for Population Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Demography
|March 27, 2025
概括
移民在老年时面临更多的慢性疾病和残疾,但死亡率较低,这是随着年龄的增长而扩大的悖论. 健康选择可能解释了移民.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康和疾病的社会学
背景情况:
- 移民经常表现出患病率-死亡率悖论:与本地人相比,慢性疾病和残疾率较高,但整体死亡率较低,特别是在年龄较大时.
- 了解这种悖论如何在整个生命周期和各种移民子组中演变,对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合调查移民发病率-死亡率悖论的与年龄相关的动态.
- 检查种族,性别和教育因素如何影响这些模式.
- 确定导致观察到的悖论的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自IPUMS国家健康访谈调查 (2002-2018) 的纵向数据,与2019年的死亡率数据联系起来.
- 分析了大量队列 (n=405,270) 以评估不同年龄组和移民特征的慢性疾病,残疾和死亡率.
- 使用分解分析来剖析导致残疾和死亡率差距变化的因素.
主要成果:
- 移民在慢性疾病和残疾方面的优势随着年龄的增长而减少,而他们的死亡率优势则增加.
- 这些模式在不同的种族,性别和教育移民群体中持续存在.
- 缩小残疾差距与精神疾病和糖尿病的增加有关,而由于慢性疾病的死亡率较低,死亡率的优势会增强.
结论:
- 基于健康的选择可能会推迟疾病的发病,并提高移民对死亡后果的适应能力.
- 移民中的发病率-死亡率悖论是一种动态现象,随着年龄的增长而发生显著变化.
- 调查结果突出了考虑到年龄和移民身份的有针对性的卫生政策的需要.
更多相关视频
05:51A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia
Published on: June 15, 2011
25.7K
06:55Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
Published on: January 8, 2020
14.3K
相关概念视频
Regression Toward the Mean
6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
10.7K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
10.7K
Mismatch Repair
4.7K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.7K
Classification of Illness
7.2K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
7.2K
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
24
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
24
Kaplan-Meier Approach
67
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is a non-parametric method used to estimate the survival function from time-to-event data. In medical research, it is frequently employed to measure the proportion of patients surviving for a certain period after treatment. This estimator is fundamental in analyzing time-to-event data, making it indispensable in clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and reliability engineering. By estimating survival probabilities, researchers can evaluate treatment effectiveness,...
67
