没有工作的生命历程类型,时间和持续时间是否有不同的预测痴呆风险? 序列分析的应用
Lucia Pacca1, S Amina Gaye1, Willa D Brenowitz2
1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 2540 23rd St, San Francisco, CA, 94110, United States.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|March 27, 2025
概括
由于残疾,失业或未报告身份而造成的就业差距增加了痴呆症的风险. 离开全职工作来照顾护理也会增加风险,但暂时的中断不会显著影响认知结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 失业期间可能会影响痴呆风险,但终身就业模式复杂且研究不足.
- 关于就业轨迹和痴呆症之间的关联的先前研究是有限的.
- 了解不同类型,时间和持续时间的工作差距如何影响认知健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用序列和集群分析来描述终身就业轨迹.
- 估计这些就业轨迹与痴呆风险之间的关联.
- 调查工作差距对认知结果的影响,包括记忆得分.
主要方法:
- 利用了美国健康与退休研究 (N=5,945) 的生命史邮件调查补充数据.
- 雇佣序列和集群分析,以定义从18-65岁的性别分层就业轨迹.
- 使用算法痴呆症概率得分和记忆得分评估痴呆症风险,用概括估计方程和线性混合效应模型分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了11个女性的就业轨迹和10个男性的就业轨迹.
- 残疾和失业的发展轨迹与两种性别的痴呆症风险显著增加有关.
- 永久离开全职工作以照顾妇女的痴呆症风险更高;暂时的照顾差距没有.
- 长时间的兼职工作 (男性) 和未报告的就业状态 (两性) 也预测了痴呆风险的增加.
结论:
- 工作缺席的类型,时间和持续时间会对痴呆症风险产生不同的影响.
- 与残疾,失业和未报告的就业相关的工作差距是更高痴呆风险的重要预测因素.
- 永久离开劳动力来照顾负面影响认知结果,而暂时的中断可能不会.
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