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自闭症谱系障碍中的神经质

Vivi M Heine¹, Stephanie Dooves¹

¹Department of Child and Adolescence Psychiatry, Emma Center for Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Handbook of clinical neurology

|March 27, 2025

概括

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 涉及社会和沟通挑战,与神经炎症和改变的大脑连接有关. 神经质细胞如星体细胞和微质细胞通过免疫反应和突触发育在ASD病原发生中发挥关键作用.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
免疫学免疫学免疫学
发展生物学发展生物学

背景情况:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特点是社交互动缺陷,沟通障碍和重复行为.
改变的神经网络连接是ASD的标志,遗传和环境因素,包括早期生命免疫激活,有助于其发展.
神经炎症和质细胞的反应性,如微质细胞和星球细胞,越来越多地被认为是ASD病原体的重要因素.

研究的目的:

提供关于神经质细胞在ASD中的作用的当前文献的全面概述.
专注于免疫激活,谷氨酸信号传递,突触修剪和神经髓化在ASD中的参与.
要突出质功能障碍对ASD神经发育和大脑连接性的影响.

主要方法:

在ASD中调查神经质细胞功能的研究的文献综述.
在ASD的背景下分析免疫反应,谷氨酸代谢,突触修剪和髓化研究的分析.
综合了与天体细胞,微质细胞和小质细胞在ASD中的参与相关的发现.

主要成果:

在ASD中的星球细胞表现出改变的谷氨酸代谢,影响神经元活动.
患有自闭症的小质细胞显示突触修剪受损,这对于精炼神经连接至关重要.
在ASD中观察到特定大脑区域的髓化减少,与疾病的严重程度相关,涉及寡细胞.

结论:

神经质细胞,包括星球细胞,微质细胞和寡质细胞,在ASD病理生理学中发挥着关键作用.
免疫反应的失调,谷氨酸信号传递,突触修剪和质细胞的髓化有助于ASD.
准质细胞功能为ASD提供了潜在的治疗途径.

关键词:

自闭症谱系障碍自闭症谱系障碍脆弱的X 脆弱的X 谷氨酸酸盐的使用方法孕产妇的免疫激活骨髓化骨髓化神经质问题神经质问题雷特综合征是什么意思雷特综合征是什么意思结核性硬化综合体结核性硬化综合体

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