一项为期10周的睡眠特征远程监测研究,研究了ADHD和没有ADHD的个体的睡眠特征及其变化
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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

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Noninvasive, High-throughput Determination of Sleep Duration in Rodents
Published on: April 18, 2018
Hayley Denyer1, Ewan Carr2, Qigang Deng3
1Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK. hayley.denyer@kcl.ac.uk.
BMC psychiatry
|March 28, 2025
概括
患有注意力缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 的人比没有这种情况的人表现出更大的睡眠变化. 这项研究强调,睡眠不一致是成人和青少年多动症的一个关键特征.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 经常与自我报告的睡眠障碍,焦虑和抑郁症有关.
- 客观睡眠评估往往与主观报告不一致,可能是由于捕捉了变化而不是平均睡眠.
- 行为变化是ADHD的核心特征,这表明睡眠变化可能更大.
研究的目的:
- 研究ADHD和没有ADHD的个体之间的睡眠行为水平和变异性的差异.
- 在10周的时间内,探索睡眠特征与同时出现的焦虑和抑郁症状之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 一项为期10周的远程监测研究,涉及40名参与者 (20名患有多动症,20名没有).
- 积极监测包括2周,6周和10周关于精神症状的问卷.
- 被动监控使用可穿戴设备 (Fitbit) 进行夜间睡眠跟踪.
主要成果:
- 两组之间没有观察到平均夜间睡眠水平的显著差异.
- 患有ADHD的参与者在睡眠持续时间,开始,偏移和效率方面表现出显著更大的变化.
- 在睡眠特征和同时出现的焦虑或抑郁症状之间没有发现显著的个人关联.
结论:
- 睡眠时间,开始,偏移和效率的更大变化使ADHD患者与对照人群区别开来.
- 睡眠不一致是ADHD的一个特征,它延伸到成人和青少年的客观睡眠测量.
- 使用可穿戴设备进行远程监控可以揭示ADHD的睡眠变化模式.
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Sleep-Wake Cycles
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Insomnia
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
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Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.

