受益人群间关系和日常行为在儿童分享行为发展中的作用
Hang Liu1, Zhengmei Ma1,2, Shiyin Chen1
1Faculty of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2025
概括
孩子 孩子 孩子 孩子
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 道德发展道德发展
背景情况:
- 亲社会行为,比如分享,在儿童早期发育中至关重要.
- 之前的研究集中在单个接受者特征上,在理解双重特征对儿童分享的影响方面留下了差距.
- 孩子们的分享决策受到接收者的特点的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查4-6岁儿童如何在接收者具有双重特征时做出分享决策.
- 为了确定孩子们在分享时是否优先考虑常规行为或人际距离.
- 检查与年龄相关的分享行为的差异.
主要方法:
- 两项实验涉及112名和134名年龄在4-6岁的儿童的贴纸分享任务.
- 实验1:根据接收者的日常行为和年龄评估共享.
- 实验2:检查与具有双重特征 (朋友/陌生人和好/差的常规行为) 的接受者共享.
主要成果:
- 年长的孩子 (5-6岁) 比年轻的孩子分享更多的贴纸.
- 孩子们与表现出良好的日常行为的接受者分享更多.
- 当面对双重特征时,孩子们优先考虑一个有良好的日常行为的陌生人,而不是一个有不良行为的朋友.
- 儿童根据接收者特征进行了选择性分享.
结论:
- 儿童的分享是有选择的,并受到多个接受者因素的影响.
- 孩子们优先考虑接受者遵守道德规范 (良好的例行行为),而不是关系亲密 (朋友与陌生人).
- 这些发现突显了幼儿时期亲社会行为发展的复杂性.
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