认知负载是否影响道德判断? 行动不作为和集体利益的作用
Mufan Zheng1, Liying Wang1, Yueying Tian1
1Department of Psychology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2025
概括
高认知负载在行动困境中增加了实用主义的道德判断,但不增加疏忽困境. 它还促进优先考虑集体利益而不是个人利益,受到主角身份的影响.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 道德心理学道德心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 认知负载,即使用的工作记忆资源的数量,可以影响决策.
- 道德判断是复杂的,可以受到各种因素的影响,包括认知能力.
- 以前的研究已经探讨了影响道德选择的因素,但认知负载在不同困境类型中的特定作用仍在调查中.
研究的目的:
- 检查认知负载如何影响行动与省略困境中的道德判断.
- 研究认知负载对优先考虑集体利益与个人利益的影响.
- 探索主角身份如何调节认知负载对道德判断的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项研究,共有202名参与者.
- 用点矩阵记忆任务操纵认知负载.
- 参与者应对了涉及行动/不作为和集体/个人利益之间的冲突的道德困境.
主要成果:
- 高度的认知负载导致了更多的实用选择在行动中的道德困境,但不是疏忽困境.
- 在高认知负载下,参与者优先考虑集体利益而不是个人利益.
- 认知负载对道德判断的影响受到主角身份和困境类型 (行动与省略) 的调节.
结论:
- 认知负载显著影响道德判断,特别是在以行动为导向的困境中,当集体利益受到威胁时.
- 这些发现突出了认知资源,道德决策和情境因素 (如困境结构和主角身份) 之间的相互作用.
- 了解这些影响对于理解道德行为的认知基础至关重要.
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