在热应激下,乳牛的品种特异反应和乳牛微生物群的转变
Zichen Wang1, Mengling Guo1, Yan Liang1
1Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|March 28, 2025
概括
热应激对荷尔斯坦和泽西的奶牛有负面影响.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 类动物营养 类动物营养
- 环境生理学环境生理学
背景情况:
- 荷尔斯坦和泽西牛是具有独特特征的重要乳品品种.
- 对于它们的耐热性和在热应激下肠微生物群的变化,人们的了解有限.
- 研究这些差异对于温暖气候地区的乳制品生产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较荷尔斯坦和泽西牛在热应激期间的耐热性和小肠微生物组变化.
- 为了确定特定品种的生理和微生物对热挑战的反应.
主要方法:
- 一个控制的实验与热中性 (TN) 和热应力 (HS) 周期 (每期7天).
- 监测生理参数 (呼吸速率,直肠温度) 和牛奶产量.
- 液被收集用于挥发性脂肪酸 (VFA) 分析和微生物群的高通量测序.
主要成果:
- 在两种品种中,热应激增加了呼吸速率并降低了奶产.
- 在热应激下,霍尔斯坦牛的直肠温度增加.
- 观察到小的微生物组成 (荷尔斯坦的Bacteroidetes,Prevotella,Firmicutes;杰西的Christensenellaceae,Clostridium) 和VFA档案的显著变化.
结论:
- 热应激对奶牛生理学,牛奶产量和肠微生物群产生不利影响.
- 观察到的荷尔斯泰因牛的发酵和微生物群的变化表明,有可能更好地适应热应激.
- 结果为热带地区的乳牛管理和减缓策略提供了洞察力.
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