我们的学生真的有多健康? 学生运动员和非运动员学生的生活方式相关的健康风险行为模式
Gabriella Florence1, Melissa Janse van Vuren1, Wayne Derman1,2
1Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Exercise, Sport and Lifestyle Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Translational sports medicine
|March 28, 2025
概括
学生运动员和非运动员学生都会从事不健康的生活方式行为,包括吸烟和不良饮食. 虽然运动员不太可能吸烟,而且更活跃,但这两组都表现出显著的风险行为,需要大学干预.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 与生活方式相关的风险行为有助于学生的非传染性疾病 (NCD).
- 学生运动员 (St-A) 通常被认为比非运动员学生 (NAS) 有更健康的生活方式.
- 需要对St-A和NAS之间的风险行为进行比较分析,以了解它们的健康状况.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较St-A和NAS之间与生活方式相关的风险行为的流行率和聚类.
- 在大学生群体中识别共同发生的风险行为模式.
- 在高等教育机构为NCD预防提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 南非大学的一所涉及St-A和NAS的横截面研究设计.
- 评估酒精消费,吸烟,水果/蔬菜摄入量和身体活动水平.
- 统计分析包括小组比较的千平方测试和行为模式的集群分析.
主要成果:
- 与非运动员相比,学生运动员的吸烟率较低 (18.6%与32.2%) 和更高地遵守体育活动指南 (中度和剧烈).
- 两组之间的酒精消费模式是相似的,尽管男性报告的摄入量高于女性.
- 只有不到10%的参与者符合水果和蔬菜摄入量建议;女性的摄入量高于男性.
- 集群分析显示,一个具有多种行为 (34.6%St-A) 的高风险群体和一个更健康的群体满足了充满活力的活动目标并避免吸烟.
结论:
- 学生运动员和非运动员学生都表现出与生活方式相关的重大风险行为.
- 学生运动员的体育活动水平较高,但其他风险因素在两组中都存在.
- 对行为相互联系的进一步研究和基于大学的干预措施的发展对于预防NCD至关重要.
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