警方使用非枪支武力造成的死亡死亡率分类,2012-2021年
Justin Michael Feldman1,2,3, Tracey Lloyd1,3, Phillip Atiba Solomon1,3,4
1Center for Policing Equity, West Hollywood, California.
JAMA network open
|March 28, 2025
概括
警方使用非枪支武力造成的死亡往往不被归类为杀人,在不同的死亡调查系统中报告不一致. 这突显了关于准确的死亡率分类的重大公共安全和健康问题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
背景情况:
- 准确地对因执法人员遭遇而导致的死亡进行分类,对于公众问责制和流行病学监测至关重要.
- 警方使用非枪支武力可能导致死亡,但这些死亡的分类可能不一致.
研究的目的:
- 确定在拘留期间死亡的比例,其中非枪支警察力量是死亡的原因和方式.
- 确定影响这些病例死亡率分类的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了来自美联社致命限制数据库 (2012-2021) 的国家数据.
- 包括州或地方警察在监狱/监狱之外使用非枪支武力的死亡.
- 后勤回归评估了死亡调查系统,种族/族裔偏见和县政治背景对死亡分类方式的影响.
主要成果:
- 在940例死亡中,28.5%被归类为杀人;16.5%提到与武力有关的伤害,42.6%提到任何武力.
- 杀人案件的分类从25.0% (2012-2014) 增加到32.2% (2018-2021).
- 与验尸官相比,验尸官和治安官-验尸官管辖区不太可能将死亡归类为谋杀案. 较高的共和党选票百分比在郡与较低的力量分类相关.
结论:
- 在涉及非枪支警察部队的死亡中,非杀人分类和死因陈述中没有提到武力是常见的.
- 不一致的分类构成了具有广泛社会影响的重大公共卫生和安全问题.
- 需要标准化的分类协议来确保准确的报告和问责制.
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