退伍军人医疗保险优势亲和计划的特点和福利设计
Allison Dorneo1,2, Yanlei Ma3, Melissa M Garrido1,2,4
1Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA health forum
|March 28, 2025
概括
退伍军人医疗保险优势亲和计划 (VMAP) 针对有0美元保费和额外福利的退伍军人,但通常不包括医疗保险D部分.由于VMAP吸引了退伍军人卫生管理局 (VHA) 的低成本入学者,这一策略可能导致联邦支出增加.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 退伍军人医疗保险优势亲和计划 (VMAP) 的出现,向退伍军人营销,包括退伍军人卫生管理局 (VHA) 双重覆盖的退伍军人.
- 有限的现有证据描述了VMAP福利及其退伍军人入学者的特点.
研究的目的:
- 检查VMAP与其他医疗保险优势 (MA) 计划之间的计划层面差异.
- 与其他MA计划相比,在VMAP中描述退伍军人入学者的特点.
主要方法:
- 2022年对VMAP和其他MA计划进行比较的横截面研究.
- 通过与军方相关的计划名称和网络搜索识别的VMAP.
- 使用标准化平均差异 (SMD) 分析计划福利,补充产品和退伍军人入学特征.
主要成果:
- 主要由营利性保险公司提供的VMAP吸引了一些年轻的,更多的黑人退伍军人,以及那些对VHA服务零成本共享的人.
- VMAP更频繁地提供了0美元的保费,医疗保险B部分保费减免,以及广泛的补充福利 (牙科,听力,眼镜,OTC药物,餐饮).
- 几乎所有的VMAP都排除了医疗保险D部分的覆盖,与大多数其他MA计划不同.
结论:
- VMAP利用有针对性的营销,提供有吸引力的福利,如0美元的保费和补充保险,以招募退伍军人.
- 在VMAP中排除Medicare Part D可能会吸引VHA的低成本注册者,可能会增加联邦支出.
- VMAP的结构可能会导致效率低下的联邦医疗保健支出,因为它不能与VHA整合Medicare覆盖的服务的计费.
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