在口腔癌中基于微环境的免疫疗法:综合性综述
Hassan Mivehchi1, Aisan Eskandari-Yaghbastlo2, Mohammaderfan Ghazanfarpour3
1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)
|March 28, 2025
概括
口腔癌免疫疗法通过向瘤微环境 (TME) 显示出希望. 免疫检查点抑制剂和细胞疗法等治疗方法为治疗口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC) 提供了新的希望.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
背景情况:
- 口腔癌,特别是口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC),代表着一个重要的全球健康挑战,生存率为50%.
- 目前的治疗方法 (手术,放射治疗,化疗) 有严重的副作用,并且经常因瘤微环境 (TME) 而复杂化.
- 由细胞外基质和各种细胞组成的TME积极促进瘤生长和免疫逃避,阻碍有效治疗.
研究的目的:
- 探索瘤微环境 (TME) 在调节口腔癌扩散和转移中的作用,通过自身隐形-隐形信号传递.
- 详细介绍各种免疫疗法在对抗口腔癌的有效性和机制.
- 为口腔癌治疗提供新兴免疫疗法策略的全面概述.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于TME对口腔癌的影响.
- 免疫治疗策略的分析,包括免疫检查点抑制剂 (PD-1,CTLA-4),单克隆抗体 (pembrolizumab,cetuximab),采用细胞转移 (CAR-T),细胞因子治疗 (IL-2) 和瘤疫苗.
- 检查TME内部的自身隐形 - 隐形信号通路.
主要成果:
- TME显著影响口腔癌的进展和免疫反应.
- 通过向免疫检查点和利用CAR-T细胞和单克隆抗体等药物,免疫疗法显示出调节瘤生长和转移的潜力.
- 不同的免疫疗法模式集体调节TME以增强抗瘤免疫力.
结论:
- 免疫疗法为口腔癌治疗提供了一个有前途的途径,有效地准复杂的瘤微环境.
- 针对免疫检查点和采用 CAR-T 细胞疗法等先进疗法是克服治疗耐药性的关键策略.
- 对免疫疗法在口腔癌中的作用进行进一步的研究有可能改善患者的治疗结果和生存率.
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