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从1990年到2021年,全球204个国家的溺水负担和风险因素
Zhongyong Xie1,2, Zhihua Huang3, Qifeng Ran3
1Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. xzhongy804@163.com.
Scientific reports
|March 29, 2025
概括
溺水仍然是一个重要的全球健康问题,自1990年以来,发生率和死亡人数大幅减少. 职业伤害和酒精使用等关键风险因素需要有针对性的干预措施,特别是在低收入国家.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 溺水是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题,具有显著的区域和人口差异.
- 以前的研究已经研究了全球溺水趋势,但对国家变化和风险因素的全面分析是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 利用2021年全球疾病负担研究 (GBD) 数据分析1990年至2021年的全球,区域和国家溺水趋势.
- 确定主要的风险因素和溺水发生率,死亡率和残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用2021年全球疾病负担研究 (GBD) 的数据来确定与溺水相关的发病率,死亡率和DALYs.
- 雇佣年龄标准化利率,以评估不同地区,国家和年龄组的趋势和风险因素.
- 研究了社会经济因素 (SDI) 和溺水率之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,2021年记录了8561万个溺水病例,2742万个死亡病例和1570万个DALY.
- 自1990年以来,年龄标准化率的显著降低:发病率 (-51.5%),死亡率 (-60.9%) 和DALY (-67.3%).
- 所罗门群岛,白俄罗斯,乌克兰的发病率最高;中非共和国,马绍尔群岛的纳鲁的死亡/DALY最高. 0-5岁儿童的DALY率最高. 职业伤害,高温和酒精使用是关键的危险因素.
结论:
- 尽管有显著的减少,溺水仍然是一个关键的公共卫生挑战,特别是在社会人口指数 (SDI) 较低的国家.
- 专注于职业伤害,高温和酒精消费的有针对性的干预措施对于减少溺水致病率和死亡率至关重要.
- 解决区域和特定年龄的差异对于有效的全球溺水预防战略至关重要.
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