纯母乳养改变了母亲教育和儿童发育之间的关联:一个嵌入在队列中的横截面研究
Luiza Alves Ford1, Gabriela Buccini2, Amanda Castelo Saragosa2
1Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
Jornal de pediatria
|March 30, 2025
概括
独家母乳养 (EBF) 保护了巴西的早期儿童发展 (ECD),特别是当母亲的教育水平较低时. EBF提高了认知和总体分数,减轻了与有限的母亲教育相关的风险.
科学领域:
- 儿科和儿童发展.
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 母婴营养 母婴营养
背景情况:
- 低母亲教育是未达到最佳早期儿童发育 (ECD) 的已知危险因素.
- 纯母乳养 (EBF) 被认为是婴儿健康和发育的保护因素.
- 孕产妇教育,EBF和ECD结果之间的相互作用需要进一步研究,特别是在巴西等多样化的人口中.
研究的目的:
- 检查巴西婴儿的母亲教育水平和ECD结果 (认知,语言,运动领域) 之间的关联.
- 调查纯母乳养 (EBF) 是否改变了母乳教育和ECD之间的关系.
- 在低母教育的背景下,确定EBF的潜在保护机制.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了巴西COVID-19大流行期间出生于12个月龄的269名婴儿的数据.
- 婴幼儿发展贝利尺度,第三版 (Bayley-III) 用于评估认知,语言和运动领域,并计算贝利全球得分 (BGS).
- 调节分析 (曼-惠特尼测试) 评估了EBF在6个月后对母亲教育和Bayley-III分数之间的关联的修改效应.
主要成果:
- 较高的母亲教育与显著更好的认知,语言和BGS分数相关 (p < 0.00).
- 纯母乳养 (EBF) 独立地与更高的认知 (p < 0.01),语言 (p < 0.02) 和BGS (p < 0.00) 评分相关.
- EBF显著改变了母亲教育程度低 (<10或10-12岁) 对认知分数和BGS的影响,对教育程度高于10年的母亲,对BGS的影响大 (r = 0.51).
结论:
- 在巴西,更高的母体教育与更好的早期儿童发展结果有关.
- 纯母乳养 (EBF) 作为一个关键的保护因素,减轻低母亲教育对婴儿发育的负面影响.
- 这项研究强调EBF是保护幼儿发展的关键机制,即使在具有挑战性的环境下,如母亲受限的学校教育.
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