在年长和年轻的成年人中调查语义和感知虚假记忆的认知相关:多组潜在变量方法
John T West1, Rebecca L Wagner1, Ashley Steinkrauss2
1Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
Journal of memory and language
|March 31, 2025
概括
老年人往往会经历更多的虚假记忆. 像前额功能和歧视这样的认知能力可以在年轻人和老年人中防止虚假记忆.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 虚假记忆可能会损害日常功能,特别是在老年人中.
- 了解老年人虚假记忆的风险因素是非常重要的,因为认知变异性.
- 以前的研究将下额头功能与一般虚假记忆联系起来,但假设是域特异性.
研究的目的:
- 调查导致语义和感知错误记忆的因素的域特异性.
- 检查认知能力 (额头功能,歧视) 和年轻人和老年人的虚假记忆之间的关系.
- 为了确定对虚假记忆的认知保护是否在年龄组之间有所不同.
主要方法:
- 211名年轻人和152名老年人参加了这次活动.
- 参与者完成了评估语义和感知虚假记忆,额头功能和语义/感知歧视的任务.
- 用因子分析和回归模型来分析数据.
主要成果:
- 语义和感知错误记忆的个体差异最好通过单个错误记忆因子来解释.
- 认知能力通常与虚假记忆无关,当它们一起被评估时.
- 语义歧视,感知歧视和额头功能与孤立的虚假记忆负面相关.
- 这些认知能力共同预测了年轻人的37%,老年人的40%.
- 认知能力对虚假记忆的保护作用在年龄组之间没有差异.
结论:
- 虚假记忆倾向是两个年龄组的单一总体构造.
- 像前额功能和歧视这样的认知能力与虚假记忆负面相关.
- 这些认知因素在年轻人和老年人中提供了对虚假记忆的保护,保护效率与年龄无关.
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