心血管风险因素对寿命估计的全球影响
, Christina Magnussen1,2,3, Jesus Alegre-Diaz4
1University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
The New England journal of medicine
|March 31, 2025
概括
50岁时缺少五种心血管疾病风险因素,可使预期寿命增加十多年. 在中年期修改高血压和吸烟可以显著增加免受心血管疾病和死亡的寿命.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 对全球健康造成重大负担,其中五个关键风险因素约占其影响的50%.
- 这些经典风险因素对终身心血管疾病发病率和全因死亡率的长期影响仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查五个主要心血管风险因素存在或不存在对终身心血管疾病风险和整体死亡率的影响.
- 根据这些风险因素在50岁时的状况,估计预期寿命的差异,特别是没有心脏病和死亡的生命年数.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自全球133个队伍的200多万参与者的协调个人级数据.
- 对心血管疾病的终身风险和全因死亡率估计高达90岁,根据50岁时的动脉高血压,高脂血症,异常BMI,糖尿病和吸烟的存在或不存在进行分层.
- 研究了风险因素轨迹,以根据风险因素随时间变化而预测寿命差异.
主要成果:
- 具有所有五个风险因素的个体面临着24% (女性) 到38% (男性) 的终身心血管疾病风险.
- 与具有所有风险因素的人相比,没有风险因素的人估计获得了13.3 (女性) 到10.6 (男性) 额外的无心血管疾病生命年,以及14.5 (女性) 到11.8 (男性) 的无死亡生命年.
- 在55-60岁之间修改高血压产生了最多的无心血管疾病寿命;在同一个年龄段修改吸烟产生了最多的无死亡寿命.
结论:
- 50岁时五个主要心血管风险因素的缺失与两性预期寿命增加十多年有关.
- 高血压和吸烟的中年修改提供了实质性的好处,最大限度地减少了心血管疾病和全因死亡率的寿命.
更多相关视频
06:04Author Spotlight: Assessing the Cardiovascular Profile of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Published on: September 27, 2024
751
10:11Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
Published on: October 22, 2014
19.0K
相关概念视频
01:23Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
245
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
245
01:12Relative Risk
98
Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
98
01:28Factors affecting Blood pressure
2.8K
Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
Physiological Factors:
2.8K
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
106
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
106
01:27Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
21
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
21
01:30Factors Influencing Heart Rate
2.1K
The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
2.1K