医疗保健的患者旅行造成的碳排放
Hanna Zurl1,2,3, Zhiyu Qian2, Daniel R Stelzl2,3,4
1Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
JAMA network open
|March 31, 2025
概括
美国医疗保健的患者旅行产生了大量的温室气体 (GHG) 排放,估计每年达到35.7兆的二氧化碳相当量. 转向电动汽车可以大幅减少这种环境影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运输研究 运输研究
背景情况:
- 美国医疗保健部门对国家温室气体 (GHG) 排放贡献约8.5%.
- 准确估计医疗保健相关旅行的排放量对于政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化美国医疗保健患者旅行产生的国家碳排放量.
- 确定影响这些排放的因素,并探索潜在的减少策略.
主要方法:
- 利用了2022年国家家庭旅行调查 (NHTS) 的数据进行横截面分析.
- 使用政府车辆排放数据计算每英里二氧化碳等效 (CO2e) 排放量.
- 采用回归分析来识别与更高排放相关的因素和电动汽车采用的模拟减排.
主要成果:
- 据估计,患者的旅行每年导致35.7兆 (Mt) 的CO2e排放.
- 每一个行驶的英里平均产生424g的二氧化碳.
- 农村患者和家庭收入较高 (5万美元至99999美元) 的患者每次出行排放量较高.
- 对电动汽车的30%和50%的转变可以将排放量分别减少到27.6万和22.3万二氧化碳.
结论:
- 患者医疗保健旅行是美国医疗保健相关温室气体排放的重要贡献者.
- 促进远程医疗和增加医疗旅行中的电动汽车使用等策略可以显著减轻环境影响.
- 调查结果支持为可持续的医疗保健实践做出明智的政策决策.
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