乳-牙结合形态揭示了在史前后期中尼罗河谷中期人口的替代和流动性
Nicolas Martin1, Adrien Thibeault1, Lenka Varadzinová2
1De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie, Ministère de la Culture, UMR 5199, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France.
概括
尼罗河中谷的农业转型涉及到人口的替代,而不仅仅是文化变化. 乳-牙结 (EDJ) 形态学揭示了古代采集者和农民之间的显著生物学差异.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 人类进化人类进化
背景情况:
- 新石器时代在尼罗河中谷的过渡期 (公元前6000-5000年) 标志着从食转向粮食生产的转变.
- 人口的起源和饮食变化对中石器和新石器时期之间的牙形态学的影响尚不清楚.
- 有限的古代DNA数据和少数大规模的中石器时代形态学研究阻碍了对尼罗河谷史前历史的理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究尼罗河谷在史前后期的生物亲和关系和人口历史.
- 分析面膜-牙结 (EDJ) 形态,了解人口起源和迁移.
- 为了测试中石器时代的采集者和新石器时代的粮食生产者之间的生物不连续性.
主要方法:
- 使用X射线显微断层学进行面-牙结 (EDJ) 形态分析.
- 生物亲和关系的生物识别和遗传学分析.
- 研究88个来自苏丹和埃及南部的个人,跨越了14000年的时间.
主要成果:
- 显著的EDJ形态差异表明在新石器过渡时期存在重大生物不连续性.
- 尼罗河沿岸人口替代的证据,东撒哈拉地区的采集人口持续存在.
- 生物证据表明,当代中石器和新石器时期的人口之间的相互作用和流动性.
结论:
- 在微观进化层面上,EDJ形态学是研究人口 afinities 的一个有价值的工具.
- 人口的替代和迁移,而不仅仅是文化传播或饮食变化,是尼罗河谷新石器时期过渡时期的特征.
- 该研究提供了关于尼罗河谷深层人口历史和迁移模式的见解.
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