气候变化下的欧洲蝙蝠社区组成和功能多样性的变化
Penelope C Fialas1, Luca Santini2, Danilo Russo3
1Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
概括
气候变化将改变欧洲蝙蝠的分布和功能特征,影响生态系统的弹性. 保护必须解决这些转变,以保护重要的蝙蝠种群及其服务.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 保护科学 保护科学
背景情况:
- 气候变化推动了物种范围的变化,改变了生物多样性和生态系统功能.
- 对物种组成和功能多样性 (FD) 的影响,特别是对蝙蝠的影响,尚不清楚.
- 蝙蝠对生态系统服务至关重要,因此它们对气候变化的反应是一个关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 预测气候和土地利用变化将如何影响欧洲蝙蝠的分布,组成和功能多样性 (FD).
- 评估整个欧洲蝙蝠组合及其功能特征的潜在转变.
- 根据未来的气候情景,为蝙蝠种群的保护战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用物种分布模型 (SDM) 预测范围的变化.
- 采用了对生态和形态特征的全面数据库.
- 分析了蝙蝠群体组成和功能多样性 (FD) 的预测变化.
主要成果:
- 预计未来的气候和土地利用变化将导致蝙蝠的地理范围和特征结构发生重大变化.
- 预计蝙蝠的适用范围将在欧洲南部减少,在北度增加.
- 在整个大陆,蝙蝠的功能多样性 (FD) 预计将发生重大变化.
结论:
- 气候变化对蝙蝠的功能多样性 (FD) 构成重大威胁,对生态系统功能和弹性产生影响.
- 保护战略必须整合FD考虑,针对脆弱的物种和地区.
- 建议的保护行动包括保护息地,加强连接,以及对蝙蝠的国际监测.
相关概念视频
01:19What is Biodiversity?
27.0K
Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
27.0K
01:50Global Climate Change
24.0K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.0K
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.2K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.2K
02:31Habitat Fragmentation
17.3K
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
17.3K
02:40Pollination and Flower Structure
63.2K
Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.
63.2K
01:50Threats to Biodiversity
22.0K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.0K