在6个月大时接种麻疹-疹-红疹疫苗会诱导麻疹特异的T细胞反应:一项随机对照试验
Søren Buus1, Dorthe Maria Vittrup2, Jonas Damgård Schmidt1
1Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Frontiers in immunology
|April 1, 2025
概括
在6个月的早期麻疹--红疹 (MMR) 疫苗接种为婴儿提供了麻疹免疫力. 虽然在常规MMR疫苗接种后细胞反应较低,但在15个月后,联合免疫反应达到99%,这表明早期疫苗接种是安全有效的.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 麻疹是婴儿的一种严重的病毒性疾病,在接种疫苗的母亲的婴儿中,保护更早地减弱.
- 早期的麻疹--红疹 (MMR) 疫苗接种可以提供至关重要的早期保护.
- 通过母体转移的抗体提供短期的保护,在先前接种疫苗的母亲的婴儿中,这种保护更短.
研究的目的:
- 评估婴儿早期MMR疫苗接种的细胞免疫结果.
- 评估早期MMR对常规疫苗接种后免疫反应的影响.
- 为了确定早期的MMR疫苗接种是否可以弥补母亲抗体的减少.
主要方法:
- 这是一项双盲随机试验,涉及750名5至7个月的婴儿.
- 婴儿在6个月后接受了M-M-RVaxPro或安慰剂.
- 用IFN-γ特定的ELISpot试验分析了周围血液单核细胞 (PBMC),以测量麻疹特异性的T细胞.
主要成果:
- 6个月早期的MMR疫苗接种诱导了显著的麻疹特异性细胞免疫反应 (45%的细胞转化率).
- 在15个月的常规MMR后,早期MMR组与安慰剂组相比显示细胞反应减少.
- 在15个月后,两组99%的婴儿在常规MMR后实现了免疫转换 (血清和/或T细胞反应).
结论:
- 在6个月早期的MMR疫苗接种引起了相当大的麻疹特异性细胞免疫力.
- 虽然在早期的MMR组中,常规MMR后的细胞响应较低,但在15个月内,整体免疫转化达到99%.
- 早期的MMR疫苗接种可以减少流行地区的麻疹负担,而不会对随后的免疫接种产生负面影响.
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