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基于危险因素的查,以早期检测慢性病在初级保健机构:系统性审查
Ayana Korsa1,2, Wubshet Tesfaye1,3, Kamal Sud4,5
1Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Kidney medicine
|April 1, 2025
概括
基于危险因素的查有效地识别了许多未被诊断的慢性病 (CKD) 的成年人. 建议进行进一步的研究,以改善初级保健机构的针对性CKD查.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 证据综合 证据综合
背景情况:
- 早期发现和治疗慢性病 (CKD) 对于预防或延迟衰竭至关重要.
- 针对性的查策略对于全球识别CKD至关重要.
- 目前缺乏基于风险因素的CKD查证据的最新综合.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于基于风险因素的查对初级保健中成年人早期CKD检测的有效性的证据.
- 评估各种查方法的性能及其对患者结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Medline,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,Scopus) 和灰色文献中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括涉及成人初级保健患者至少有一个CKD风险因素的前性研究.
- 数据提取和偏差风险评估使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所工具进行;没有进行元分析.
主要成果:
- 来自11个国家的24项研究符合纳入标准,使用各种查测试,如估计的淋巴膜过率 (eGFR),白蛋白-肌素比率 (ACR) 和尿液分析.
- 降低功能或损伤的患病率在2.9%至56%之间,确诊的CKD率在4.4%至17.1%之间.
- 查导致了更多的患者转诊,医生访问,更高的患者满意度和愿意为服务支付费用.
结论:
- 基于风险因素的查有效地识别了大量未被诊断的CKD患者.
- 目前的查方案和研究设计需要改进.
- 未来的研究应该专注于强大的设计和多维干预措施,以优化初级保健中针对性CKD查.
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