国际稳定和明确和隐含态度的变化:一项涵盖33个国家,5个社会群体和11年 (2009-2019) 的调查
Benedek Kurdi1, Tessa E S Charlesworth2, Patrick Mair3
1Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.
Journal of experimental psychology. General
|April 1, 2025
概括
显而易见的社会态度在五组中始终减少了偏见,而隐性态度则有所不同. 域一般机制解释了明确的变化,而隐性变化是特定于群体的.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 文化心理学 文化心理学
- 改变态度 改变态度
背景情况:
- 调查显式 (自我报告) 和隐式 (自动揭示) 社会群体态度的可塑性是一个长期存在的心理学研究问题.
- 了解这些态度何时以及如何发生变化对于解决社会偏见至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在11年的时间里,分析大规模的跨文化数据,分析明确和隐含的社会态度.
- 确定推动对各种社会群体态度变化的趋势和机制.
主要方法:
- 利用贝叶斯时间序列建模与集成嵌套拉普拉斯近似对33个国家的140万参与者的数据 (2009-2019).
- 研究了五个社会群体目标的明确和隐含态度变化:年龄,体重,性取向,肤色和种族.
主要成果:
- 明确的态度显示,在所有五组中,偏见的持续下降,变化范围从18% (体重) 到43% (性欲).
- 隐性态度表现出不同的趋势:性倾向下降 (36%),种族,年龄和体重偏差保持稳定,皮肤色调偏差在最初下降后总体增加 (20%).
- 生态相关性揭示了明确态度变化的域一般模式,与隐性态度的特定群体模式形成对比.
结论:
- 显而易见的态度变化很可能是由广泛的文化转变驱动的,例如采用平等主义规范.
- 隐含的态度变化似乎受到每个社会群体独特的机制的影响,这凸显了无意识偏见的复杂性.
- 研究结果提供了对文化层面态度变化背后的过程和机制的新理论见解.
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