早起的鸟抓住了虫:评估关于工作中的昼夜过程的隐性理论
Jette Völker1, Monika Wiegelmann1
1Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim.
Journal of occupational health psychology
|April 1, 2025
概括
关于员工昼夜偏好或内部生物钟的误解在工作中很常见. 开发关于工作中的昼夜过程 (ITCP) 尺度的隐性理论揭示了这些信念与负面结果有关,特别是在理想工人和早晨工作偏见方面.
科学领域:
- 组织心理学 组织心理学
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
- 工作场所行为 工作场所行为
背景情况:
- 员工表现出不同的昼夜偏好,影响日常活动和睡眠模式.
- 关于工作场所的昼夜节律存在普遍的误解,包括关于可塑性和早晨工作优越性的信念.
- 这些偏见可能会影响员工的福祉和绩效.
研究的目的:
- 引入和验证关于工作中的昼夜过程 (ITCP) 隐性理论的概念.
- 开发和心理测试尺度,测量ITCP的三个方面:可塑性,理想工人和一天中的时间.
- 探索与ITCP相关的个人倾向及其与工作相关结果的关系.
主要方法:
- 从141名员工收集定性数据,用于构建和项目开发.
- 从22名研究人员收集量化数据,用于初步验证.
- 在多项研究中进行大规模调查 (N=1,249),以确定尺度结构,心理测量属性 (用德语和英语),并调查关联.
主要成果:
- 经过验证的三因素ITCP尺度具有出色的心理测量特性.
- 与更高ITCP水平相关的个人倾向 (例如,时间型,工作狂) 已确定.
- 证明了更高的ITCP,特别是"理想工人"和"一天中的时间"方面,与不利的个人结果 (福祉,工作表现,睡眠) 有关.
结论:
- 关于工作中的昼夜过程的隐性理论是一个有效的构造,影响员工的经验和结果.
- ITCP的"理想工人"和"一天中的时间"方面尤其有害.
- 未来的研究应该专注于解决和减轻这些普遍的隐性理论在组织环境中,以提高员工的福利和生产力.
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