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在患有自闭症谱系障碍的人群中,瞳孔对明亮和黑暗刺激的反应

Tomoe Hayakawa¹, Shun Nakano¹, Naoko Inada¹

¹Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.

|April 1, 2025

概括

患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人在黑暗中表现出更快的瞳孔扩张,这表明潜在的交感神经系统差异. 这可能解释了ASD的视觉过敏和光恐惧症.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
眼科医生眼科眼科

背景情况:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 经常与感官处理差异有关,包括像光恐惧症这样的视觉过敏.
瞳孔反应是自主神经系统功能和视觉处理的关键指标.

研究的目的:

通过分析瞳孔光反射来研究ASD个体中对光恐惧症的神经机制.
为了在不同的光线条件下比较ASD个体和典型发育 (TD) 个体之间的瞳孔反应.

主要方法:

用眼睛跟踪记录了17名ASD和23名TD个体的瞳孔反应.
在昏暗状态后,参与者进行了交替的明亮和黑暗刺激,间隔时间有所变化 (5s和30s).
通过自闭症感官知觉-日语 (AASP-J) 测试来评估感官概况.

主要成果:

自闭症组对AASP-J表现出明显更大的过敏性.
两组之间的瞳孔响应幅度或延迟没有发现显著差异.
在黑暗中早期瞳孔扩张的速度梯度在ASD组显著更快.

结论:

患有自闭症和过敏症的个体在昏暗的光线下显示出更大的瞳孔直径,在黑暗中扩张更快.
这些发现表明,在ASD中,交感神经系统对瞳孔收缩的控制可能发生变化.
这项研究提供了关于自闭症谱系障碍中视觉敏感性的神经生物学基础的见解.

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