在东非和南非国家,营养不良对五岁以下儿童的负担是双重的
Bereket Gebremichael1,2,3, Admas Abera4, Sibhatu Biadigilign5
1Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, SA, 5064, Australia. bereketgebremichael.menota@adelaide.edu.au.
Scientific reports
|April 1, 2025
概括
营养不良的双重负担 (DBM) 影响了东部和南部非洲五岁以下儿童的5%以上,男性和贫困家庭的风险更高. 通过双重行动 (DDA) 解决所有形式的营养不良至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 儿童营养 儿童营养
背景情况:
- 关于在低收入和中等收入国家同时出现超重/肥胖和营养不良的个人层面负担和驱动因素的证据有限.
- 这种知识差距阻碍了制定有效的双重任务行动 (DDAs) 来解决各种形式的营养不良.
- 营养不良的双重负担 (DBM) 在东部和南部非洲 (ESA) 构成了重大公共卫生挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定ESA国家的5岁以下儿童中DBM的大小.
- 确定与DBM相关的家庭和个人层面的决定因素.
- 为设计和实施有针对性的DDA提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从人口和健康调查 (DHS) 收集了12个ESA国家的79,394名儿童 (6-59个月) 的数据 (2013-2016).
- 分析的重点是缩和超重 (StOw),超重和贫血 (OwA) 和缩,超重和贫血 (StOwA) 的同时发生.
- 使用随机效应逻辑回归来识别相关因素,控制混因素.
主要成果:
- 同时发生的StOwA,StOw和OwA的患病率分别为5.38%,4.04%和5.72%.
- 南非报告的DBM负担最高,纳米比亚和布隆迪的负担最低.
- 男孩,来自贫困家庭的男孩,以及出生于超重/肥胖或体重不足的母亲的孩子都有更高的DBM风险.
结论:
- 在ESA国家的儿童中,DBM是一个重大的公共卫生和经济问题.
- 社会经济地位,性别和母亲的营养状况是DBM的关键决定因素.
- 加强DDA对于有效解决ESA地区营养不良的多面性质至关重要.
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