印度的新生儿脑病:死亡率下降的时间空间变化
Ramesh Vidavalur1, Vinod K Bhutani2
1Department of Neonatology, Cayuga Medical Center/Weill Cornell Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA. rav2016@med.cornell.edu.
Pediatric research
|April 1, 2025
概括
新生儿脑病变 (NE) 死亡率在印度已经下降,但落后于整体婴儿死亡率的减少. 针对性,以社区为基础的努力对于实现可持续发展目标和减少差距至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
背景情况:
- 联合国可持续发展目标 (SDGs) 旨在减少全球新生儿和婴儿死亡率.
- 印度在减少新生儿死亡率方面取得了进展,但差异仍然存在,特别是与新生儿脑病变 (NE) 相关的死亡.
研究的目的:
- 检查1990年至2019年印度新生儿/总婴儿死亡率 (NMR/IMR) 和新生儿脑病变 (NE) 相关死亡的趋势.
- 分析NE死亡率与社会人口统计因素之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自全球健康数据交换的NE死亡率数据 (1990-2019) 按年龄和地点分层.
- 分析了来自联合国人口前景的出生队列数据.
- 用于NE-NMR趋势分析的员工结合点回归和皮尔森相关性,以评估与社会人口统计指数 (SDI) 和复合覆盖率指数 (CCI) 的关系.
主要成果:
- 与NE相关的新生儿死亡率 (NE-NMR) 减少了47.5% (AAPC: -2.2%),而所有原因的NMR和IMR分别减少了62.6%和64.1%.
- NE-NMR显示与SDI (R2=0.57,p<0.01) 的反相关性,但与CCI (R2=0.08,p=0.13) 的反相关性没有.
- 在NE死亡率的区域差异仍然存在,NE在IMR中的份额从8%增加到11.8%.
结论:
- 虽然印度已经显著降低了与NE相关的新生儿死亡率,但这一下降落后于整体婴儿死亡率的改善.
- 持续的州际差异和与社会人口统计发展的强烈相关性强调了有针对性的,国家特定的医疗保健战略的必要性.
- 持续,专注和以社区为导向的努力对于缩小差距和实现新生儿死亡率减少的可持续发展目标至关重要.
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