对比信心准确度与响应时间准确度关系的强度,用于目击者识别
Curt A Carlson1, Robert F Lockamyeir2, Maria A Carlson3
1East Texas A&M University, Commerce, TX, USA. curt.carlson@tamuc.edu.
Scientific reports
|April 1, 2025
概括
目击者识别的准确性更好地反映在立即的信心,而不是响应时间. 这在不同的记忆强度和识别程序中都是如此,有助于法律调查.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 法医心理学 法医心理学
- 法律心理学 法律心理学
背景情况:
- 目击者识别 (ID) 的准确性在法律程序中至关重要.
- 更快的ID和高可信度与更高的准确性有关,但它们的相对重要性仍在争论中.
- 了解这些因素在不同的记忆强度和ID程序中是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定信心或响应时间是否是目击者ID准确性的更好指标.
- 检查记忆强度和ID程序 (展示与阵容) 如何影响这种关系.
- 评估决策类型 (ID与拒绝) 对这些准确性指标的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了四个预先注册的实验.
- 操纵目标内存强度 (编码时间,图像质量) 和ID程序 (展示,配列具有不同的填充质量).
- 分析了ID和拒绝决策的信心精度 (CA) 和响应时间精度 (RTA) 之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 正确的目击者身份证件比假身份证件更快,排队与展示相比,排队的差异更大.
- 对于那些进行ID的人来说,观察到强烈的正信度-准确性 (CA) 关系,而响应时间-准确性 (RTA) 关系较弱.
- 无论是CA和RTA的关系对于拒绝都较弱,但CA仍然是一个比RTA更强的预测因素.
结论:
- 立即的信心是目击者ID准确性的更可靠指标,而不是响应时间.
- 这一发现不管犯罪者面部记忆的质量如何,都是如此.
- 在不同的记忆和程序条件下,信任判断似乎更强大.
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