在中国安省的初级,二级和三级医院的医疗废物管理实践
Yi-Yu Lyu1, De-Quan Wu2, Ruo-Jie Li2
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
International journal of environmental health research
|April 2, 2025
概括
有效的医疗废物管理对于公共卫生和环境安全至关重要. 这项研究揭示了中国医院废物处理实践的显著差异,突出了需要改进的领域,特别是在初级保健设施.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 医院管理 医院管理
背景情况:
- 医疗废物管理不当对公众健康和环境构成重大风险.
- 有效处理医疗废物对于防止疾病传播和污染至关重要.
- 医院基础设施和资源的变化可能会影响废物管理实践.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较中国安省不同级别医院的医疗废物管理实践.
- 发现废物处理,分离,处置和职业安全措施中的差异.
- 为改善医疗废物管理系统提供数据驱动的建议.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及中国安省566家医院的多中心研究.
- 利用自己设计的在线问卷来收集有关医院特征,废物产生和管理实践的数据.
- 收集有关法规,隔离,收集,运输,储存,处置,特殊废物处理和保护措施的信息.
主要成果:
- 平均医疗废物产生率为0.62公斤/床/天 (三级),0.43公斤/床/天 (二级) 和0.46公斤/床/天 (初级) 的医院.
- 医疗废物管理在各级医院的实施中观察到显著的差异,特别是关于法规,隔离和处置的问题.
- 与二级和三级设施相比,初级医院在医疗废物管理的几个方面表现较差.
结论:
- 在中国,医疗废物管理实践在不同级别的医院之间存在很大差异,主要医院需要大幅改进.
- 医院必须加强对所有废物流的管理,特别是对高度传染性和危险物质的管理,并确保为工作人员提供适当的培训和防护设备.
- 建议采取政策干预措施,监测监管合规性,并在所有医疗机构中促进标准化,有效的医疗废物管理.
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